Routine examination
Visual examination via microscope
The optical evaluation delivers an essential first impression, that most of the time already determines the further steps to be taken.
Discernible are inorganic, organic, and biological fouling, incrustation and suspended matter as well as discolorations. The number of cracked and broken beads can also be counted.
Discernible are inorganic, organic, and biological fouling, incrustation and suspended matter as well as discolorations. The number of cracked and broken beads can also be counted.
Kinetic first assessment by colouring test
The kinetic characteristics of the resin beads are decisively responsible for the plant’s efficiency.
We offer you the method of determining the accessibility of the pores of ion exchangers by using dye molecules.
Due to the rather large molecules the method is very sensitive and distinctly shows even minor kinetic obstructions.
You will receive microscope photos, often in conjunction with reference data (see below), and will be able to recognize fouling effects by yourself.
Cation exchanger fragments can easily be identified and photographed by cross colouring (e.g. cationic dye on anionic beads).
We offer you the method of determining the accessibility of the pores of ion exchangers by using dye molecules.
Due to the rather large molecules the method is very sensitive and distinctly shows even minor kinetic obstructions.
You will receive microscope photos, often in conjunction with reference data (see below), and will be able to recognize fouling effects by yourself.
Cation exchanger fragments can easily be identified and photographed by cross colouring (e.g. cationic dye on anionic beads).
Total capacity depending on the volume
The aging of anion exchangers can be determined by titrimetric measurement of the loss or the conversion of the functional groups.
This loss is irreversible and can be an economic criterion for exchanging the resin.
For anion exchangers you will receive separate evaluations for the weak base and strong base portion of the mix (Quaternation level: strong base fraction in the total capacity).
For cation exchangers in conjunction with the dry mass related capacity ageing by de-crosslinking and loss of accessibility due to fouling can easily be differentiated.
Our measuring methods have the necessary precision for this (see below).
This loss is irreversible and can be an economic criterion for exchanging the resin.
For anion exchangers you will receive separate evaluations for the weak base and strong base portion of the mix (Quaternation level: strong base fraction in the total capacity).
For cation exchangers in conjunction with the dry mass related capacity ageing by de-crosslinking and loss of accessibility due to fouling can easily be differentiated.
Our measuring methods have the necessary precision for this (see below).
Total capacity related to dry mass, water retention
At cation exchangers this method yields in connection with the volume-related capacity statements to the ageing by de-crosslinking or the loss of accessibility by fouling.
For anion exchangers we have found out correlation functions between the loss of the volume-related and the decrease of the dry mass-related capacity. This allows good conclusions on the ageing processes of the respective sample.
For anion exchangers we have found out correlation functions between the loss of the volume-related and the decrease of the dry mass-related capacity. This allows good conclusions on the ageing processes of the respective sample.
Further methods for particular problems
Kinetic assessment by column trial
If the first dye test yields no sufficient results, we will be able to perform column tests under normalised conditions several cycles.
We have reference data for common resin types, so we can deliver interpretable results.
We have reference data for common resin types, so we can deliver interpretable results.
Cleansing trial
Purification and special treatments in large production plants can be very expensive.
A bench-scale test is often helpful, as it provides essential data that is needed to determine if it is still worthwhile, or if the achieved efficiency does not justify the purification process.
A bench-scale test is often helpful, as it provides essential data that is needed to determine if it is still worthwhile, or if the achieved efficiency does not justify the purification process.
Contents in the ion exchanger
In conjunction with the cleansing trials it can be determined, how much substance has been removed.
This is also an indicator for the achieved cleaning efficiency. This especially applies to COD-values of anion exchangers, for which we possess a large collection of measured data.
This is also an indicator for the achieved cleaning efficiency. This especially applies to COD-values of anion exchangers, for which we possess a large collection of measured data.
– List of references for resin examinations – (PDF, 76kb, Currently only available in German)
– Application form for your resin samples – (PDF, 68kb)
– Price list for resin examinations – (PDF, 76kb)
You can find examples on the site Help for interpretation of our measuring results
